Primary Splenic Hydatidosis: An Institutional Case Series and Review of the Literature

Imad Banday; Akashdeep Singh Sohi; Sadaf Ali; Mohd. Younis Bhat; M. Riyaz Lattoo; Jigarsinh Nayak

doi:10.33883/jms.v30i2,3.1488

Imad Banday Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, India
Akashdeep Singh Sohi Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences
Sadaf Ali Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences
Mohd. Younis Bhat Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences
M. Riyaz Lattoo Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences
Jigarsinh Nayak Sher-I-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33883/jms.v30i2,3.1488

Keywords: Primary splenic hydatidosis, splenic hydatid cyst, Echinococcus granulosus, spleen-preserving surgery, splenectomy, cystectomy, omentopexy

Abstract

Background: Primary splenic hydatidosis is an uncommon manifestation of cystic echinococcosis. Because of its rarity, most available evidence consists of small retrospective series, and the optimal extent of surgery remains debated.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 15 consecutive patients with primary splenic hydatidosis who underwent surgical treatment at our institution between 2010 and 2026. Demographic, clinical, radiological, operative, postoperative and follow-up data were collected. A focused narrative review of the literature was undertaken to contextualize the institutional experience.

Results: Fifteen patients were included, with a median age of 38 years; 9 (60.0%) were women. Three patients (20.0%) were diagnosed incidentally. Thirteen patients (86.7%) had solitary cysts and the median maximum cyst diameter was 7.9 cm. Histopathology confirmed hydatid disease in all 15 patients. Spleen-preserving surgery was performed in 11 patients (73.3%), while 4 (26.7%) underwent total splenectomy. Six patients (40.0%) developed a postoperative complication. Two patients (13.3%) developed recurrence during follow-up; both had initially undergone spleen-preserving cystectomy/enucleation with omentopexy, corresponding to 2/9 (22.2%) within that procedure group. These observations are descriptive and do not establish a causal or comparative effect of operative technique.

Conclusion: In this institutional series, spleen-preserving surgery was feasible in selected patients. Postoperative morbidity occurred in 6 of 15 patients (40.0%), and recurrence occurred in 2 of 15 patients (13.3%). Both recurrences followed cystectomy/enucleation with omentopexy, but the small retrospective and non-comparative design precludes attributing recurrence to the procedure.

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