A detailed review of EGFR & HER2/NEU gene expression analysis in Gallbladder cancer.
EGFR &HER2/NEU GENE IN GBC
Keywords:
gallbladder, targeted therapy
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a highly malignant neoplasm characterized by delayed diagnosis, poor prognosis and ineffective treatment especially in advanced stages. Despite the efforts by many researchers, GBC continues to represent a major therapeutic challenge in oncology. Surgical resection remains the only curative treatment for this disease in early stages. The roles of radiation, chemoradiation, and chemotherapy in neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings remains poorly defined. Necessity to search for archetype markers of GBC that will help to diagnose and prognosticate the disease as well as help to choose the modality of treatment. This may give an opportunity to make headway in basic understanding of biology of GBC and management paradigms. Accurate molecular characterization of the tumors is necessary for enrolling the patients in clinical trials so as to define which patient groups will benefit from targeted therapy. We here have reviewed available literature on GBC biomarkers and their potential clinical implications in the management of GBC.
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References
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6. Solaini L, Sharma A, Watt J, Iosifidou S, Chin Aleong JA, Kocher HM. Predictive factors for incidental gallbladder dysplasia and carcinoma. J Surg Res 2014;189:17-21.
7. R. Kanthan, J.-L. Senger, and S. C. Kanthan. Molecular events in primary and metastatic colorectal carcinoma: a review. Pathology Research International 2012;2012, Article ID 597497, 14 pages.
8. Kim SJ, Lee JM, Lee ES, Han JK, Choi BI. Preoperative staging of gallbladder carcinoma using biliary MR imaging. J Magn Resonan Imag 2015;41:314-21. 70.
9. Bhartiya R, Mallick S, Mallik M, Agrawal P, Singh R, Singh RV. Ultrasoundguided fine needle aspiration cytology diagnosis of gallbladderlesions with application of WHO histological classification of tumors on cytoaspirate material. Ann Trop Med Public Health 2017;10:138-42.
10. Goldin RD, Roa JC. Gallbladder cancer: a morphological and molecular update. Histopathology 2009;55:218-29.
11. Albores-Saavedra J, Alcantra-Vazquez A, Cruz-Ortiz H, Herrera-Goepfert R. The precursor lesions of invasive gallbladder carcinoma. Hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma in situ. Cancer 1980;45:919-27.
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13. Zeng F, Harris RC. Epidermal growth factor, from gene organization to bedside. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2014;28:2-11.
14. Paez JG, Janne PA, Lee JC, Tracy S, Greulich H, Gabriel S, et al. EGFR mutations in lung cancer: correlation with clinical response to gefitinib therapy. Science 2004;304:1497-500.
15. Lynch TJ, Bell DW, Sordella R, Gurubhagavatula S, Okimoto RA. Activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor underlying responsiveness of non-small-cell lung cancer to gefitinib. N Engl J Med 2004;350:2129-39.
16. Pao W, Miller V, Zakowski M, Doherty J, Politi K, Sarkaria I, et al. EGF receptor gene mutations are common in lung cancers from ―never smokers‖ and are associated with sensitivity of tumors to gefitinib and erlotinib. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004;101:13306-11-90
17. Huang SF, Liu HP, Li LH, Ku YC, Fu YN, Tsai HY, et al. High frequency of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations with complex patterns in non small cell lung cancers related to gefitinib responsiveness in Taiwan. Clin Cancer Res 2004;10:8195-203.
18. Cappuzzo F, Magrini E, Ceresoli GL, Bartolini S, Rossi E. Akt phosphorylation and gefitinib efficacy in patients with advanced non-smallcell lung cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2004;96:1133-41.
19. Yoon JH, Gwak GY, Lee HS, Bronk SF, Werneburg NW, Gores GJ. Enhanced epidermal growth factor receptor activation in human cholangiocarcinoma cells. J Hepatol 2004;41:808-14.
20. Leone F, Cavalloni G, Pignochino Y, Sarotto I, Ferraris R, Piacibello W, et al. Somatic mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor in bile duct and gallbladder carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2006;12:1680-5.
21. Ito Y, Takeda T, Sasaki Y. Expression and clinical significance of the ERBB2 family in intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2001;197:95-100.
22. Lee CS, Pirdas A. Epidermal growth factor receptor immunoreactivity in gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tract tumours. Pathol Res Pract 1995;191:1087-91.
23. Iqbal N, Iqbal N. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in cancers: Overexpression and therapeutic implications. Hindawi Mol Biol Inter 2014:Article ID 852748.
24. Gutierrez C, Schiff R. HER2: biology, detection, and clinical implications. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2011;135:55-62.
25. Slamon DJ, Clark GM, Wong SG, Levin WJ, Ullrich A, McGuire WL. Human breast cancer: correlation of relapse and survival with amplification of the HER-2/neu oncogene. Science 1987;235:177-82.
26. Schuell B, Gruenberger T, Scheithauer W, Zielinski Ch, Wrba F. HER 2/neu protein expression in colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2006;6:123.
27. Roa I, de Toro G, Schalper K, de Aretxabala X, Churi C, Javle M. Overexpression of the HER2/neu gene: A new therapeutic possibility for patients with advanced gallbladder cancer. Gastrointest Cancer Res 2014;7:42- 8.
28. Kim MJ, Kim KW, Kim HC, Kim SY, Park SH, Kim AY et al. Unusual malignant tumors of the gallbladder. Am J Roentgenol 2006;187:473-80.
29. Thomas MB. Biological characteristics of cancers in the gallbladder and biliary tract and targeted therapy. Crit Rev Oncol/Hematol 2006;61:44-51.
30. Olayioye MA, Neve RM, Lane HA, Hynes NE. The ERBB2 signaling network: receptor heterodimerization in development and cancer. EMBO J 2000;19: 3159-67.
31. Macarulla T. Novel targets for anticancer treatment development in colorectal cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2006;6:265-72.
32. Nanda R. Targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in the treatment of breast cancer: recent advances and future directions. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2007;2:111-6.---106
33. Paule B, Herelle MO, Rage E, Ducreux M, Adam R, Guettier C, et al. Cetuximab plus gemcitabine-oxaliplatin (GEMOX) in patients with refractory advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. Oncology 2007;72:105-10.
34. Sprinzl MF. Gemcitabine in combination with EGF-Receptor antibody (Cetuximab) as a treatment of cholangiocarcinoma: a case report. BMC Cancer 2006;6:190.
35. Beckhardt RN, Kiyokawa N, Xi L, Liu TJ, Hung MC, el-Naggar AK, et al. HER-2/neu oncogene characterization in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1995;121:1265-70.
36. Nakazawa K, Dobashi Y, Suzuki S, Fujii H, Takeda Y, Ooi A. Amplification and overexpression of c-ERBB-2, epidermal growth factor receptor, and c-met in biliary tract cancers. J Pathol 2005;206:356-65.
37. Chaube A, Tewari M, Garbyal RS, Singh U, Shukla HS. Preliminary study of p53 and c-ERBB-2 expression in gallbladder cancer in Indian patients BMC Cancer 2006;6:126.
38. Harder J, Waiz O, Otto F, Geissler M, Olschewski M, Weinhold B, et al. EGFR and HER2 expression in advanced biliary tract cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2009;15:4511-7.
39. Zhou YM, Li YM, Cao N, Feng Y, Zeng F. Significance of expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) in chronic cholecystitis and gallbladder carcinoma. Chinese J Cancer 2003;22:262-5.
40. Kalekou H, Miliaras D. Immunohistochemical study of microvessel density, CD44 (standard form), p53 protein and c-ERBB22 in gallbladder carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004;19:812-8.
41. Moon WS, Park HS, Lee H, Pai R, Tarnawski AS, Kim KR, Jang KY. Coexpression of cox-2, C-met and beta-catenin in cells forming invasive front of gallbladder cancer. Cancer Res Treat 2005;37:171-6.
42. Nakazawa K, Dobashi Y, Suzuki S, Fujii H, Takeda Y, Ooi A. Amplification and overexpression of c-ERBB-2, epidermal growth factor receptor, and c-met in biliary tract cancers. J Pathol 2005;206:356-65.
43. Philip PA, Mahoney MR, Allmer C, Thomas J, Pitot HC, Kim G, et al. Phase II study of erlotinib in patients with advanced biliary cancer. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:3069-74.
44. Kaufman M, Mehrotra B, Limaye S, White S, Fuchs A, Lebowicz Y, et al. EGFR expression in gallbladder carcinoma in North America. Int J Med Sci 2008;5:285-91.
45. Ooi A, Suzuki S, Nazakawa K, Itakura J, Imoto I, Nakamura H, et al. Gene amplification of Myc and its coamplification with ERBB2 and EGFR in gallbladder adenocarcinoma. Anticancer Res 2009;29:19-26.
46. Akishi O, Yoh Z, Itasu N, Ryousuke T,Suzuki, Shioto et al. Gene amplification of Myc and its coamplification with ERBB2 and EGFR in gallbladder adenocarcinoma. Anticancer Res 2009;29:19-26.
47. Shafizadeh N, Gernert JP, Sahai V, Kakar S. Epidermal growth factor receptor and HER-2/neu status by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization in adenocarcinomas of the biliary tree and gallbladder. Hum Pathol 2010;41:485-92.
48. Chang PY, Cheng MF, Lee HS. Preliminary experience of cetuximab in the treatment of advanced-stage biliary tract cancer. Onkologie 2010;33:45-7
49. Pignochino Y. Targeting EGFR/HER2 pathways enhances the antiproliferative effect of gemcitabine in biliary tract and gallbladder carcinomas. BMC Cancer 2010;10:631.
50. Martins SJ, Costa SR, Neto AR, Farah FJ, Franco MI, Goldemberg A. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) status and prognosis in gallbladder cancer. J Clin Oncol 2012;30:14657.
51. Li M, Zhang Z, Li X, Ye J, Wu X, Tan Z, et al. Whole-exome and targeted gene sequencing of gallbladder carcinoma identifies recurrent mutations in the ERBB2 pathway. Nat Genet 2014;46:872-6.
52. Kumar N, Khan MA, Kumar N, Rigvardhan, Ranjan R, Hazra N. EGFR expression in carcinoma gallbladder. A prospective study in Indian scenario. J Cancer Res Ther 2016;12:959-62.
53. Viswanath S, Bharadwaj R, Kapoor A. Clinicopathological significance of epidermal growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in biliary tract malignancies. JNTR Univ Health Sci 2017;6:82-5.
54. Neyaz A, Husain N, Gupta S. Investigation of targetable predictive and prognostic markers in gallbladder carcinoma. J Gastrointest Oncol 2018;9:111-25.
55. Suzuki T, Takano Y, Kakita A Okudaira M. An immunohistochemical and molecular biological study of c-ERBB-2 amplification and prognostic relevance in gallbladder cancer. Path Res Pract 1993;189:283-92.
56. Kamel D, Pääkkö P, Nuorva K, Vähäkangas K, Soini Y. p53 and C-ERBB-2 protein expression in adenocarcinomas and epithelial dysplasia of the gall bladder. J Pathol 1993;170:67-72.
57. Chow NH, Huang SM, Chan SH, Mo LR, Hwang MH, Su WC. Signification of c-ERBB2-2 expression in normal and neoplastic epithelium of biliary tract. Anticancer Res 1995;15:1055-9.
58. Kim YW, Huh SH, Park YK, Yoon TY, Lee SM, Hong SH. Expression of the c-erb-B2 and p53 protein in gallbladder carcinomas. Oncol Rep 2001;8:1127- 32.
59. Puhalla H, Wrba F, Kandioler D, et al. Expression of p21(Wafl/Cip1), p57(Kip2) and HER2/neu in patients with gallbladder cancer. Anticancer Res 2007;27:1679-84
60. Kawamoto T, Krishnamurthy S, Tarco E. HER Receptor Family: Novel Candidate for Targeted Therapy for Gallbladder and Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer. Gastrointest Cancer Res 2007;1:221-7.
61. Kumari N, Kapoor V, Krishnani N, Kumar K. Role of C-ERBB22 expression in gallbladder cancer. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2012;55:75-9.
62. Toledo C, Matus CE, Barraza X, Arroyo P, Ehrenfeld P, Figueroa CD, et al. Expression of HER2 and bradykinin B1 receptors in precursor lesions of gallbladder carcinoma. World J Gastroeneterol 2012;18:1208-15.
63. Yan M, Schwaederle M, Arguello D, et al. HER2 expression status in diverse cancers: review of results from 37,992 patients. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2015;34:157-64.
64. Ashai F, Ashraf A, Rashid A, Banday BM, Bhalla S, Dhawan S. Expression of HER2/neu receptor in carcinoma gallbladder correlates significantly with advanced tumor stage. Int J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis 2015;5:86-91.
65. Singh A, Mishra PK, Saluja SS, Talikoti MA, Kirtani P, Najmi AK. Prognostic significance of HER-2 and p53 expression in gallbladder carcinoma in north Indian patients. Oncology 2016;91:354-60.
66. Yoshida H, Shimada K, Kosuge T. A significant subgroup of resectable gallbladder cancer patients has an HER2 positive status. Virchows Arch 2016;468:431-9.
67. Pujani M, Makkar I. Expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor (Her 2/neu) and proliferative marker Ki-67: association with clinicopathological parameters in gallbladder carcinoma. APJCP 2016;17:3903-9.
68. Puneet P, Shukla P, Kumar M, Khanna A. ER, PR and Her-2/neu expression in carcinoma gallbladder. HPB 2018;20:S298.
69. El-Khoueiry AB, Rankin CJ, Ben-Josef E. SWOG 0514: a phase II study of sorafenib in patients with unresectable or metastatic gallbladder carcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma. Invest New Drugs 2012;30:1646-51.
70. Abeer I, Khan S, Hasan MJ, Hussain M. EGFR and HER2neu Expression in Gall Bladder Carcinoma and Its Association with Clinicopathological Parameters - An Institutional Experience from North India. apjcb [Internet]. 30Mar.2021 [cited 7Mar.2023];6(1):57-5.
2. Handi R, Pant MC, Husain N, Singhal A, Khurana R, Agarwal GR, et al. EGFR and HER-2/neu expression in gallbladder carcinoma: An institutional experience. Gulf J Oncol 2016;1:12-9
3. Kanthan R, Senger JL, Ahmed S, Kanthan SC. Gallbladder cancer in the 21st century. J Oncol 2015;2015:967472.
4. S. K. Maurya, M. Tewari, R. R. Mishra, and H. S. Shukla. Genetic aberrations in gallbladder cancer. Surgical Oncology 2012;21:37–43. 61.
5. I.Roa, X. de Aretxabala, J. C. Araya, and J. Roa. Preneoplastic lesions in gallbladder cancer. Journal of Surgical Oncology 2006;93:615–23.
6. Solaini L, Sharma A, Watt J, Iosifidou S, Chin Aleong JA, Kocher HM. Predictive factors for incidental gallbladder dysplasia and carcinoma. J Surg Res 2014;189:17-21.
7. R. Kanthan, J.-L. Senger, and S. C. Kanthan. Molecular events in primary and metastatic colorectal carcinoma: a review. Pathology Research International 2012;2012, Article ID 597497, 14 pages.
8. Kim SJ, Lee JM, Lee ES, Han JK, Choi BI. Preoperative staging of gallbladder carcinoma using biliary MR imaging. J Magn Resonan Imag 2015;41:314-21. 70.
9. Bhartiya R, Mallick S, Mallik M, Agrawal P, Singh R, Singh RV. Ultrasoundguided fine needle aspiration cytology diagnosis of gallbladderlesions with application of WHO histological classification of tumors on cytoaspirate material. Ann Trop Med Public Health 2017;10:138-42.
10. Goldin RD, Roa JC. Gallbladder cancer: a morphological and molecular update. Histopathology 2009;55:218-29.
11. Albores-Saavedra J, Alcantra-Vazquez A, Cruz-Ortiz H, Herrera-Goepfert R. The precursor lesions of invasive gallbladder carcinoma. Hyperplasia, atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma in situ. Cancer 1980;45:919-27.
12. Roa I, Araya J C, Villaseca M, Roa J, de Aretxabala X, Ibacache G et al. Gallbladder cancer in a high risk area: morphological features and spread patterns. Hepatogastroenterology 1999;46:1540-6.
13. Zeng F, Harris RC. Epidermal growth factor, from gene organization to bedside. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2014;28:2-11.
14. Paez JG, Janne PA, Lee JC, Tracy S, Greulich H, Gabriel S, et al. EGFR mutations in lung cancer: correlation with clinical response to gefitinib therapy. Science 2004;304:1497-500.
15. Lynch TJ, Bell DW, Sordella R, Gurubhagavatula S, Okimoto RA. Activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor underlying responsiveness of non-small-cell lung cancer to gefitinib. N Engl J Med 2004;350:2129-39.
16. Pao W, Miller V, Zakowski M, Doherty J, Politi K, Sarkaria I, et al. EGF receptor gene mutations are common in lung cancers from ―never smokers‖ and are associated with sensitivity of tumors to gefitinib and erlotinib. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2004;101:13306-11-90
17. Huang SF, Liu HP, Li LH, Ku YC, Fu YN, Tsai HY, et al. High frequency of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations with complex patterns in non small cell lung cancers related to gefitinib responsiveness in Taiwan. Clin Cancer Res 2004;10:8195-203.
18. Cappuzzo F, Magrini E, Ceresoli GL, Bartolini S, Rossi E. Akt phosphorylation and gefitinib efficacy in patients with advanced non-smallcell lung cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2004;96:1133-41.
19. Yoon JH, Gwak GY, Lee HS, Bronk SF, Werneburg NW, Gores GJ. Enhanced epidermal growth factor receptor activation in human cholangiocarcinoma cells. J Hepatol 2004;41:808-14.
20. Leone F, Cavalloni G, Pignochino Y, Sarotto I, Ferraris R, Piacibello W, et al. Somatic mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor in bile duct and gallbladder carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2006;12:1680-5.
21. Ito Y, Takeda T, Sasaki Y. Expression and clinical significance of the ERBB2 family in intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2001;197:95-100.
22. Lee CS, Pirdas A. Epidermal growth factor receptor immunoreactivity in gallbladder and extrahepatic biliary tract tumours. Pathol Res Pract 1995;191:1087-91.
23. Iqbal N, Iqbal N. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in cancers: Overexpression and therapeutic implications. Hindawi Mol Biol Inter 2014:Article ID 852748.
24. Gutierrez C, Schiff R. HER2: biology, detection, and clinical implications. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2011;135:55-62.
25. Slamon DJ, Clark GM, Wong SG, Levin WJ, Ullrich A, McGuire WL. Human breast cancer: correlation of relapse and survival with amplification of the HER-2/neu oncogene. Science 1987;235:177-82.
26. Schuell B, Gruenberger T, Scheithauer W, Zielinski Ch, Wrba F. HER 2/neu protein expression in colorectal cancer. BMC Cancer 2006;6:123.
27. Roa I, de Toro G, Schalper K, de Aretxabala X, Churi C, Javle M. Overexpression of the HER2/neu gene: A new therapeutic possibility for patients with advanced gallbladder cancer. Gastrointest Cancer Res 2014;7:42- 8.
28. Kim MJ, Kim KW, Kim HC, Kim SY, Park SH, Kim AY et al. Unusual malignant tumors of the gallbladder. Am J Roentgenol 2006;187:473-80.
29. Thomas MB. Biological characteristics of cancers in the gallbladder and biliary tract and targeted therapy. Crit Rev Oncol/Hematol 2006;61:44-51.
30. Olayioye MA, Neve RM, Lane HA, Hynes NE. The ERBB2 signaling network: receptor heterodimerization in development and cancer. EMBO J 2000;19: 3159-67.
31. Macarulla T. Novel targets for anticancer treatment development in colorectal cancer. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2006;6:265-72.
32. Nanda R. Targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in the treatment of breast cancer: recent advances and future directions. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2007;2:111-6.---106
33. Paule B, Herelle MO, Rage E, Ducreux M, Adam R, Guettier C, et al. Cetuximab plus gemcitabine-oxaliplatin (GEMOX) in patients with refractory advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas. Oncology 2007;72:105-10.
34. Sprinzl MF. Gemcitabine in combination with EGF-Receptor antibody (Cetuximab) as a treatment of cholangiocarcinoma: a case report. BMC Cancer 2006;6:190.
35. Beckhardt RN, Kiyokawa N, Xi L, Liu TJ, Hung MC, el-Naggar AK, et al. HER-2/neu oncogene characterization in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1995;121:1265-70.
36. Nakazawa K, Dobashi Y, Suzuki S, Fujii H, Takeda Y, Ooi A. Amplification and overexpression of c-ERBB-2, epidermal growth factor receptor, and c-met in biliary tract cancers. J Pathol 2005;206:356-65.
37. Chaube A, Tewari M, Garbyal RS, Singh U, Shukla HS. Preliminary study of p53 and c-ERBB-2 expression in gallbladder cancer in Indian patients BMC Cancer 2006;6:126.
38. Harder J, Waiz O, Otto F, Geissler M, Olschewski M, Weinhold B, et al. EGFR and HER2 expression in advanced biliary tract cancer. World J Gastroenterol 2009;15:4511-7.
39. Zhou YM, Li YM, Cao N, Feng Y, Zeng F. Significance of expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) in chronic cholecystitis and gallbladder carcinoma. Chinese J Cancer 2003;22:262-5.
40. Kalekou H, Miliaras D. Immunohistochemical study of microvessel density, CD44 (standard form), p53 protein and c-ERBB22 in gallbladder carcinoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004;19:812-8.
41. Moon WS, Park HS, Lee H, Pai R, Tarnawski AS, Kim KR, Jang KY. Coexpression of cox-2, C-met and beta-catenin in cells forming invasive front of gallbladder cancer. Cancer Res Treat 2005;37:171-6.
42. Nakazawa K, Dobashi Y, Suzuki S, Fujii H, Takeda Y, Ooi A. Amplification and overexpression of c-ERBB-2, epidermal growth factor receptor, and c-met in biliary tract cancers. J Pathol 2005;206:356-65.
43. Philip PA, Mahoney MR, Allmer C, Thomas J, Pitot HC, Kim G, et al. Phase II study of erlotinib in patients with advanced biliary cancer. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:3069-74.
44. Kaufman M, Mehrotra B, Limaye S, White S, Fuchs A, Lebowicz Y, et al. EGFR expression in gallbladder carcinoma in North America. Int J Med Sci 2008;5:285-91.
45. Ooi A, Suzuki S, Nazakawa K, Itakura J, Imoto I, Nakamura H, et al. Gene amplification of Myc and its coamplification with ERBB2 and EGFR in gallbladder adenocarcinoma. Anticancer Res 2009;29:19-26.
46. Akishi O, Yoh Z, Itasu N, Ryousuke T,Suzuki, Shioto et al. Gene amplification of Myc and its coamplification with ERBB2 and EGFR in gallbladder adenocarcinoma. Anticancer Res 2009;29:19-26.
47. Shafizadeh N, Gernert JP, Sahai V, Kakar S. Epidermal growth factor receptor and HER-2/neu status by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization in adenocarcinomas of the biliary tree and gallbladder. Hum Pathol 2010;41:485-92.
48. Chang PY, Cheng MF, Lee HS. Preliminary experience of cetuximab in the treatment of advanced-stage biliary tract cancer. Onkologie 2010;33:45-7
49. Pignochino Y. Targeting EGFR/HER2 pathways enhances the antiproliferative effect of gemcitabine in biliary tract and gallbladder carcinomas. BMC Cancer 2010;10:631.
50. Martins SJ, Costa SR, Neto AR, Farah FJ, Franco MI, Goldemberg A. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) status and prognosis in gallbladder cancer. J Clin Oncol 2012;30:14657.
51. Li M, Zhang Z, Li X, Ye J, Wu X, Tan Z, et al. Whole-exome and targeted gene sequencing of gallbladder carcinoma identifies recurrent mutations in the ERBB2 pathway. Nat Genet 2014;46:872-6.
52. Kumar N, Khan MA, Kumar N, Rigvardhan, Ranjan R, Hazra N. EGFR expression in carcinoma gallbladder. A prospective study in Indian scenario. J Cancer Res Ther 2016;12:959-62.
53. Viswanath S, Bharadwaj R, Kapoor A. Clinicopathological significance of epidermal growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in biliary tract malignancies. JNTR Univ Health Sci 2017;6:82-5.
54. Neyaz A, Husain N, Gupta S. Investigation of targetable predictive and prognostic markers in gallbladder carcinoma. J Gastrointest Oncol 2018;9:111-25.
55. Suzuki T, Takano Y, Kakita A Okudaira M. An immunohistochemical and molecular biological study of c-ERBB-2 amplification and prognostic relevance in gallbladder cancer. Path Res Pract 1993;189:283-92.
56. Kamel D, Pääkkö P, Nuorva K, Vähäkangas K, Soini Y. p53 and C-ERBB-2 protein expression in adenocarcinomas and epithelial dysplasia of the gall bladder. J Pathol 1993;170:67-72.
57. Chow NH, Huang SM, Chan SH, Mo LR, Hwang MH, Su WC. Signification of c-ERBB2-2 expression in normal and neoplastic epithelium of biliary tract. Anticancer Res 1995;15:1055-9.
58. Kim YW, Huh SH, Park YK, Yoon TY, Lee SM, Hong SH. Expression of the c-erb-B2 and p53 protein in gallbladder carcinomas. Oncol Rep 2001;8:1127- 32.
59. Puhalla H, Wrba F, Kandioler D, et al. Expression of p21(Wafl/Cip1), p57(Kip2) and HER2/neu in patients with gallbladder cancer. Anticancer Res 2007;27:1679-84
60. Kawamoto T, Krishnamurthy S, Tarco E. HER Receptor Family: Novel Candidate for Targeted Therapy for Gallbladder and Extrahepatic Bile Duct Cancer. Gastrointest Cancer Res 2007;1:221-7.
61. Kumari N, Kapoor V, Krishnani N, Kumar K. Role of C-ERBB22 expression in gallbladder cancer. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2012;55:75-9.
62. Toledo C, Matus CE, Barraza X, Arroyo P, Ehrenfeld P, Figueroa CD, et al. Expression of HER2 and bradykinin B1 receptors in precursor lesions of gallbladder carcinoma. World J Gastroeneterol 2012;18:1208-15.
63. Yan M, Schwaederle M, Arguello D, et al. HER2 expression status in diverse cancers: review of results from 37,992 patients. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2015;34:157-64.
64. Ashai F, Ashraf A, Rashid A, Banday BM, Bhalla S, Dhawan S. Expression of HER2/neu receptor in carcinoma gallbladder correlates significantly with advanced tumor stage. Int J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis 2015;5:86-91.
65. Singh A, Mishra PK, Saluja SS, Talikoti MA, Kirtani P, Najmi AK. Prognostic significance of HER-2 and p53 expression in gallbladder carcinoma in north Indian patients. Oncology 2016;91:354-60.
66. Yoshida H, Shimada K, Kosuge T. A significant subgroup of resectable gallbladder cancer patients has an HER2 positive status. Virchows Arch 2016;468:431-9.
67. Pujani M, Makkar I. Expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor (Her 2/neu) and proliferative marker Ki-67: association with clinicopathological parameters in gallbladder carcinoma. APJCP 2016;17:3903-9.
68. Puneet P, Shukla P, Kumar M, Khanna A. ER, PR and Her-2/neu expression in carcinoma gallbladder. HPB 2018;20:S298.
69. El-Khoueiry AB, Rankin CJ, Ben-Josef E. SWOG 0514: a phase II study of sorafenib in patients with unresectable or metastatic gallbladder carcinoma and Cholangiocarcinoma. Invest New Drugs 2012;30:1646-51.
70. Abeer I, Khan S, Hasan MJ, Hussain M. EGFR and HER2neu Expression in Gall Bladder Carcinoma and Its Association with Clinicopathological Parameters - An Institutional Experience from North India. apjcb [Internet]. 30Mar.2021 [cited 7Mar.2023];6(1):57-5.
Published
2023-03-25
How to Cite
1.
Abeer I, Walvir N, Khan S, Rasheed G, Zahir Z, Aiman A, Maqsood S, Rakshan I. A detailed review of EGFR & HER2/NEU gene expression analysis in Gallbladder cancer. jms [Internet]. 2023Mar.25 [cited 2026Oct.2];26(1):4-16. Available from: https://old.jmsskims.org/index.php/jms/article/view/1262
Section
Review Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
